William Faulkner

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William Cuthbert Faulkner (; September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was an American writer known for his novels and short stories set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, based on Lafayette County, Mississippi, where Faulkner spent most of his life. A Nobel laureate, Faulkner is one of the most celebrated writers of American literature and often is considered the greatest writer of Southern literature.

Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi and raised in Oxford, Mississippi. During World War I, he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force, but did not serve in combat. Returning to Oxford, he attended the University of Mississippi for three semesters before dropping out. He moved to New Orleans, where he wrote his first novel ''Soldiers' Pay'' (1925). He went back to Oxford and wrote ''Sartoris'' (1927), his first work set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County. In 1929, he published ''The Sound and the Fury''. The following year, he wrote ''As I Lay Dying''. Later that decade, he wrote ''Light in August'', ''Absalom, Absalom!'' and ''The Wild Palms''. He also worked as a screenwriter, contributing to Howard Hawks's ''To Have and Have Not'' and ''The Big Sleep'' adapted from ''The Big Sleep'', a novel by Raymond Chandler; the former film, adapted from a novel by Ernest Hemingway, is the only film with contributions by two Nobel laureates.

Faulkner's reputation grew upon the publication of Malcolm Cowley's ''The Portable Faulkner,'' and he was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature for "his powerful and unique contribution to the modern American novel." He is the only Mississippi-born Nobel laureate. Two of his works, ''A Fable'' (1954) and ''The Reivers'' (1962), won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Faulkner died from a heart attack on July 6, 1962, following a fall from his horse the month before. Ralph Ellison called him "the greatest artist the South has produced".